Warp-tensioning device for looms



Novo 25 I T. s. REED WAR? TENSIONNG DEVICE FOR LOOMS Filed Nov. s, 1922 .2 sneers-snet 1 Fi r3. t.

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Nov, 25, 1924. 1,516;s92

T. S. REED WARP TENSIONNG DEVICE FOR LOOMS Filed Nov. 3, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Film Z0 #W7 m66 Z3 22 -y g p A'i'ToRNEY. Z7.

Patented Nov. 25, 1924.

UNITED STATES THOMAS SDNEY REED, QF SYRUSLE, ANIEL .DENSN CEF WARP-TENSIONING Application -led November To all wlw/m t may concer-n:

Be it known that/I, Tr-ronns SIDNEY REED, of Syracuse, New York, in the county of Onondaga, in ythe lState of New Yoi'l,"l iave invented new and useful Improvements in lVaip-rlensioning Devices yfor Looms, of which the following', taken in conneetion with the accompany-ing drawings, is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention lrelates to -yvarpetensioning attachment for looms in which ,the Warp threads are reeled `from a rotary beam a Weaving machine for i-n-teriveaving with the Woof threads by any of the Well known Weaying processes. f

In a machin-e of this Vchafiaeter :it is customary to tension the vWarp by vthe use of a greater or less nnmber of weights which must be changed at more or less frequent intervals .according to the nature `of the vila-rp or the amount of Warp in .the beam and ,re sults in an vunreliable vand Wide variation of the tension as the lWarp is vnnyvrnind from the beam by reason .of the continually reducing .diameter of the `Winding.

The main .objeetl of my invention is to provide asimple and .efficient tensioning devioe which be easily and @prickly set to produce any suitable tension aecording to the nature of the warp -and to automati-oally maintain substantially the same tension as the WMP fS gradita-Uy univound from --the beam.

In other*Words I have sought tol establish and to maintain the'desired tension through themed n of a pis-ton -plnnp7` preferably hydrauli in which the pistonv is actuated in one direction by the rotation .of the rv rp beam to draw asuitable fl--nido oil, from a suppl-y tank through a more or 'less restricted passage into the pistoneha-mber as the beam is rotated by the travel of ,the Warp into the Weavingmach-ine where-by the suetion prod-need by the moving piston will constitute the tensiioning` loady .upon the beam.

Another specific object is toy provide means, such as a valre, aetnated by the rotation o-f the beam for gradually Aand -antomaticall-y increasing the capacity of the nidin'let passage to the piston chamber and thereby tov gradually reduce the tei-isi-oning load in proportion as the Warp -s untvonnd so that the tension of the Warp Will remain substantially the same daring its entire run out from the beam.

1,515,892 PATENT ermee.

NEW YORK, Assrenon or cnn-HALF 'ro sYRAcUsE, NEW Yonex.

DEVICE FOB, LOOM-S.

a, 1922. seria-1 no. y598,782.

Other objects and uses relating to specic parts of the tensioning device Will be brought out `in the following description.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation, vpartly in section of my Warp tensioningdevice, showing the rear eind ,of a Weaving machine in chiding the Warp beam to which the tensioning device is attach-ed.

lligure 2 is a rear elevation of the machine, partly broken away7 sho-wing tvvo of the Warp tei-isioning devices, one at each end of the beam.

In order that my invention may be clearly understood, I have shown a warp-beam A+- as jonrnaled at its ends in suitable bea-rings on the opposite sides .of the rear end of` a Wea-ving' machine lframe .-Bf for receiving and supporting the Warp as C-H which when drawn into rthe machine in the usual manner cani-ses the vrotation `of the `beam in the direction indicated yby arrow -.-m-. Figvure l.

I preferably employ two tensioning vdevises, one at each side of the -machine, to se- .cu-re a more perfect bal-ance of tension of the threads throughout lthe length of the beam and also to permit them to aot alternately if it should be found necessary by simply adj-Listing the dislrs on the ends of the beam S as t@ bri-11a the luister-actuating pins .of each out of alinement with those of the ether beam,- bnt the Operation lof each device is Siibstant ly the same and ther@- fore, the description .ofone Will apply to both. Y

Secured to eaeh .of the oppositesends ,of the beam A-iis a circular cli-slt flee to rota-te therewith :and each disk is provided with a series of` in this instance seven pins ,-2- projecting `ani-ally from the outer faces thereof.

Associated with each disk is an upright piston pumpl .-3- having a cylinder 4- and a piston 5e-movable therein land pron vided With a rod 6 ,extending lthrough al gland -7- in the top ofthe cylinder which is provided with the usual vent (not shown) in its lupper end to avoid trapping of .the air therein.

The lower end of the cylinder 44A is secured in the upper side of a liquid reservoir or supply tank -.-8,-- Wh-ich eontains a su'llicient supply of li uid, as` oil` to more than vflllthe leylindin? w ien the piston is at its upward limit of movement and is preferably provided with openings -9- in its upper side to avoid vacuum and allow the fluid to rise and fall in the cylinder with the movements of the piston.

A tubular extension -lO-n is screwed in the lower end of the cylinder "-1- with its lowerI end always below the level of the liquid in the supply tank -8- and, in the upper end of this` extension is screwed a partition -llhaving a restricted passage 12- connectingthe interior of 'the reservoir -8- with the interior of the cylinder below the limit. ot' downward movement oi. the piston to allow the Huid to pass more or less slowly from one chamber to the other. as the piston is raised and lowered.

Each piston rod -6- is provided with a. pivoted pawl or dog 13- having its tree upper end spring pressed into engagement with the pins -2- as the latter are successively presented thereto by the rotation of the beam7 said pawl being provided with a recess .or notch -lllfor receiving the registering pin whereby thepiston will 'be drawn upwardly by the continued rotation of the beam until the pawl is tripped Vby the next succeeding pin.

The partial vacuum or suction produced by this upward movement of the piston draws the liquid from the reservoir t3- into the cylinder -4- through the restricted passage l2- and therefore introduces a certain amount oi resistance or loadupon the beam anda resultant corresponding tensioning of the warp depending upon the relative size of the restricted passage *12* as controlled by needle' valve --15*. That is, in setting the machine, the smaller the passage, the greater will be the resistance to the upward movement of the piston, and consequently' greater 'tensioning or the warp, while the enlarging of the passage reduces. that resistance, and tensionj the function of the valve 15- being to control vthe size orn the passage and 'thereby to control the tension oit the warp.

The pins 12'w are preferably arraiiged in a circle of approximately the diameter of the roll of warp on the beam as Yfor example, when' starting the machine so that the ratio of leverage between the power as the pull ofthe warp upon the beam to the load oi: lifting the piston vthrough the medium of the disk -1-- and pins .-2- is substantially o-ne to one, but owingto vthe iact that the leverage acting upon the load is constant, while that of the power gradually reduces by the gradualunwind ing of the warp 'from the beam, it becomes necessary to gradually reduce the load or resistance to the upward movement of the piston as the warp is unwound by gradually opening the valve lt producing a corand is provided with screw threads -18- adapted to be. engaged by a nut w19- which is held against axial movement by a bracket -20- having guide openings therein for additionally supporting the stem of the valve against lateral movement. The nut -l9- is provided with a peripheral worm gear -2l meshing with a worm -22- on the shaft -23 which is jo-urnaled in suitable bearings on the adjacent side of the trame -B- and is provided with a ratchet wheel 2li- A ratchet operating pawl #253- is slidable verticall in suitable ways -26- on the frame and has its lowerv end provided with a hinged toothed section 2T- spring pressed into engagement with the teeth of the ratchet wheel by a spring -28- to enable the member -27- to ride over the tooth of the ratchet wheel when the pawl descends after having been raised to operate the ratchet wheel one tooth space at a time and thereby, to effect a corresponding adjustment of .the valve -15- through the medium of the worm -22-, gear The upper end of the pawl is provided withv a tooth -29 adapted to be engaged by a cooperative tooth -30- on the periphery of the adjacent diskV lwhereby the pawl will be raised to operate the ratchetV wheel 24- one tooth space at` each revolution of the beam m A-wl or as each layer of warping is gradually unwound therefrom, it being understood that' following each operation of the pawl, the pin 30 rides out from; under the tooth W29- to` release said pawl andallow it to return by its own weight for 're-engagement with the next succeeding tooth ol the ratchet wheel w24 ready to repeat. the operation oit adjusting the valve duringV the next revolution ot' the beam, and so on until the warp is entirely unwound from the beam during which the valve --l5- will be gradually opened more and more to reduce the resistance to the rotation of the beam as the warping unwmds therefrom.

rlhe lower end of the valve stem belowV the bracket -20- is provided with a hand wheel 3l having a notched periphery adapted to be engaged. by al springy catch to permit the valve to be reset or l adjusted will, the catch -32 vserving to hold the valve against undue rotation during its automatic adjustment. through the medium of the nut -l9 and its actuating means.

llii

A coil spring 33- is interposed between the piston 5 and upper end oil the cylinder lto assist the piston in its dov-Inward movement when released by the disengagement of the pawl l3 but it is evident that the tension of this spring may be utilized with the partial vacuum produced by the upwardmovement of the piston in exerting additional tension upon the warp.

Vfhen the machine is ready for operation with the full warp beam, the valve l5-- is adjusted or set by hand to a position which will produce the maximum tension required or nearest to its closed position with the pistou 5m and parts carried thereby in their xtreme down positions, and the warp is drawn into the machine the beam and disks vlwill be rotated in a direction indicated by arrow Figure l, thereby bringing one ott the pins nearestl to the pawl -13 in engagement with the notch la to gradually raise the piston and thereby to draw the liquid from the reservoir #8* into the cylinder below the piston by reason of the partial vacuum or suction produced by the raising of the pis ton.

The spacing of the pins -2- and their relation to the pawl -13- is such that when the piston is elevated a pre-determined distance or too near the upper end of the' cylinder, by one of the pins, the next succeeding pin will trip the pawl and thereby release the piston, but. owing to the slowness with which the liquid can escape from the cylinder through the restricted passage -12- the piston will be prevented 'from sudde descent and will remain more or less elevated until the notch -l4- in the pawl is engaged by the next succeeding pin which will again raise the piston to its extreme up position.

The short intervening period between the disengagement ot the pawl by one pin and its reengagement by the V est pin temporarily releases vthe tension, at time when such release is desired, as for example, when opening' the warping to permit the shuttle to pass therethrough.

As each succeeding layer of warp is unwound from the beam, the pin -30- will engage the shoulder --29-r and litt the pawl -:25 to operate the ratchet wheel one tooth space and thereby to adjust. the nutI -l9- rotarily a small fraction ot a turn to effect a further slight opening ot the valve and thereby to increase the. size of the passage -12- to reduce the resistance to the elevation of the piston, and to maintain a substantially uniform tensionI on the warp as the latter is unwound Jfrom the bea.m

The disks Mlare adjustable rotarily upon the ends of the beam AH so that if desired to obtain a practically continuous tension on the warp, the pawls d3- and corresponding posts may be lifted alternately by the engagement of the pawl -13- at one end with one of the pins of the adjacent disl --1- at about the same time that the opposite pawl has been re leased after it has drawn its piston to the limit of its upward movement.

While I have shown a pair of hydraulic pumps and suitable connections with both. ends ot the warp beam, I do not fish to limit myself to the number of pumps nor to the particular means for transmitting mot-ion from the beam to the pump pistons, nor to the means for transmitting motion from the warp beam to the valve -15-- I claim:

l. In a warp tensioning device for looms, the combination with a rotary warp-actuated beam, a piston chamber, a Huid supply reservoir connected by a restricted passage with the piston chamber, a piston mov able in said chamber, means actuated by the rotation of the warp beam for moving the piston in one direction to draw the fluid from the reservoir into the piston chamber through the restricted passage, and means for varying the size ot said passage to vary the suction resistance to the operation of the piston by the warp beam and thereby to vary the tension of the warp.

2. In a warp tensioning device for looms, the combination with a rotary warp-actuated beam, a piston chamber, a i'iuid supply reservoir connected by a restricted pas-- sage with the piston chamber, a piston movable in said chamber, means actuated by the rotation of the warp beam for moving the piston in one direction to draw the Huid from the reservoir into the piston chamber through the restricted passage, a valve for varying the size of said passage to vary the suction resistance to the operation of the piston by the warp beam and thereby to vary the tension of the warp, and means actuated by the rotation of the warp beam for gradually opening the valve to reduce said suction resistance as the warp is unwound from the beam.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 18th day of October 1922.

THOMAS SIDNEY REED.

lVitnesses H. E. CHAsn,

RITA CAMPoLInTo, 

